Abstract:
The growing environmental awareness and the apparent conflict between economic and environmental objectives was the main impetus that pushed energy planners during the early eighties towards the use of MCDA methods. Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques are gaining popularity in sustainable energy management. The techniques provide solutions to the problems involving conflicting and multiple objectives .The rapid changes and the increasing complexity of the energy market gave rise to further methodological developments. Although the energy market restructuring and ongoing liberalization seemed to restrict the purpose for centralized energy decisions, they added new dimensions in energy planning. Increasing competition along with the prerequisite for sustainability have broadened the energy application field by bringing out new challenges for the development of integrated multi criteria and multi-stakeholders approaches also taking uncertainty into consideration. This paper aimed at illustrating the evolution of MCDA approaches, in the context of the emerging problems faced by energy planners and other stakeholders involved in energy-related decision situations, one of the most active and exciting areas of application of MCDA models and methods. Several methods based on weighted averages, priority setting, outranking, and their combinations are employed for energy planning decisions. A review of more than 90 published papers is presented here to analyze the applicability of various methods discussed. A classification on application areas and the year of application is presented to highlight the trends. It is observed that Analytical Hierarchy Process is the most popular technique followed by outranking techniques PROMETHEE and ELECTRE. In this study we will apply promethee method to calculate the highest and lowest renewable energy ranking in somalia by considering four main renewable energy present in somalia according to four criteria we will select best suitable and sustainable renewable energy source in somalia.
