ER,CR:YSGG LASER AS A SURFACE DETOXIFICATION METHOD IN ENHANCEMENT OF OSSEOINTEGRATION

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of the current study was to establish protocols for Erbium Chromium-doped Yttrium-Scandium Gallium-Garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser application for detoxification of implant surface, preservation of surface biocompatibility and enhancement of osseointegration. In this purpose, four different variables including power (W), frequency (Hz), distance (mm) and duration (sn) were investigated at 3 different levels. Material and Methods: Grade 5 titanium discs infected by S.aureus were detoxified with Er, Cr: YSGG laser according to various protocols. After laser application, surface morphology and surface roughness of titanium discs as well as cellular morphology and proliferation of osteoblasts-like cells at the end of 24 and 48 hours (SaOs-2 cell culture) were examined. Results: The most remarkable changes on the surface of titanium discs were observed in group Test 8 (3 W-25 Hz-2 mm-45 sn) which was exposed to the highest power density (W/cm2).. In this protocol, melting and flattening on the surface was observed most prominently and surface roughness (Ra) was lowest. Proliferation indicators in groups Test 1 and Test 7 were found to be statistically significantly increased compared to the control group at the end of 48 hours. Furthermore, Ra values of these 2 groups (Test 1 and Test 7) were similar to that of control group. Discussion: To conclude, our results have shown that power intensity, which is linked with distance, was the leading parameter for alteration of surface morphology. We suggest that cellular proliferation during reosseointegration is facilitated by conditions that maintain surface roughness in its initial form and amplify surface biocompatibility.