A REVIEW OF THE RESEARCHES ON THE TECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MATERIALS USED IN MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT IN THE PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY

Abstract

Unconventional reserves must be explored and exploited safely and profitably to meet the world's rising energy demand. Some of these unusual prospects present severe environments that test the limits of conventional engineering alloys as well as our comprehension of the basic degradation processes that could cause a failure. The most significant source of innovation in terms of material technology is found in high-temperature, high-pressure, ultra-deep, Arctic and pre-salt reservoirs, notwithstanding their complexity. With an emphasis on advanced materials, this paper offers a broad review of current development and research trends in materials. For the oil and gas industry, these cutting-edge polymers stand out above their conventional equivalents with improved hardness or strength. Modern metallic materials, unconventional materials (metal or non-metal), or a combination of these are all examples of advanced materials. Numerous stronger, lighter, and multifunctional materials have been created in laboratories over the past few decades. Advanced materials are those with at least one characteristic that is much better than that of standard alloys. The three most promising innovative material types for use in petroleum production are chosen