Abstract:
This study explored the conditions of the third gender or transgender in two
different societies while considering the role of international organizations and
national institutions. Individuals who identify as transgender encounter numerous
challenges, including issues related to their recognition, such as discrimination,
limited access to education and healthcare, as well as the risk of experiencing sexual
violence, physical and emotional harm, social and political marginalization, and
unemployment. To observe clearer picture human development model of Mahbub ul
Haq, capability theory of Amartya Sen, and recognition theory of Charles Taylor
used as theoretical framework under Human development Index. To accomplish this
research, content analysis used where literature of existing published material
(scholarly articles) and news articles used as secondary data resources. To interpret
the gathered data, the human rights framework is employed to conduct a conceptual
analysis focused on various laws impacting the transgender community in the
primary case studies of Pakistan and the USA. This analysis helps in understanding
the circumstances of the transgender community from both a human rights
perspective and a human development approach, highlighting the critical role of
freedom issues in any developmental progress. Additionally, it involves assessing the
three primary generations of human rights across multiple governing law systems,
comparing and evaluating them within the governmental structures of the case
studies. Moreover, it provides rich importance in literature and opens debate for
respective future research as well as creates the bridge between politicians,
community activists, and transgender to find the solution of them from both
perspectives
