THE REASONS OF PAKISTANI SUPPORT THE TALIBAN IN AFGHANISTAN 1994-2021

Abstract

This thesis examines the support of Pakistan for the Taliban in Afghanistan, focusing on the underlying individual, national and regional factors, as well as global considerations. The study adopts a comprehensive approach, incorporating qualitative research methods to explore secondary sources and expert interviews. The research reveals that Pakistan's support for the Taliban stems from a combination of national interests and regional dynamics. Nationally, historical, geopolitical, and security factors contribute to Pakistan's alignment with the Taliban. The longstanding strategic depth doctrine, concerns over Indian influence in Afghanistan, and a desire for a friendly government on its western border shape Pakistan's policy choices. Regionally, Pakistan views the Taliban as a potential ally to maintain influence in Afghanistan, protect its own security, and counterbalance competing regional powers. The thesis examines how international dynamics, such as the changing geopolitical landscape, the war on terror, and shifting alliances, shape Pakistan's policy choices. It underscores the complex web of interests and alliances involving regional and global actors that impact Pakistan's engagement with the Taliban. The thesis also delves into Pakistan's role in the Doha peace process. It highlights Pakistan's facilitative role in bringing the Taliban to the negotiating table and explores its motivations and challenges in promoting a peaceful resolution to the Afghan conflict. The analysis encompasses Pakistan's efforts to balance its relations with the Taliban, the Afghan government, and other stakeholders involved in the peace process. Overall, this thesis sheds light on the multifaceted factors driving Pakistan's support for the Taliban in Afghanistan, examining both national and regional influences as well as global dynamics. The research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex Afghanistan-Pakistan relationship, providing insights vi into the motivations, interests, and challenges that shape Pakistan's involvement. The findings also inform discussions on the potential impact of Pakistan's role in the Doha peace process and its implications for achieving sustainable peace and stability in Afghanistan.